Although ADSI has a specific meaning in some places, the term is used here to indicate any form of Analogue Display Service Interface, which includes caller ID, SMS, and others.
The ADSI module provides for the transmission and reception of ADSI messages in various formats. Currently, the supported formats are:
- CLASS (Custom Local Area Signaling Services) standard, published by Bellcore:
- ACLIP (Analog Calling Line Identity Presentation) standard, published by the Telecommunications Authority of Singapore:
- CLIP (Calling Line Identity Presentation) standard, published by ETSI.
- JCLIP (Japanese Calling Line Identity Presentation) standard, published by NTT.
- TDD (Telecommunications Device for the Deaf).
Most FSK based CLI formats are similar to the US CLASS one, which is as follows:
The alert tone for CLI during a call is at least 100ms of silence, then 2130Hz + 2750Hz for 88ms to 110ms. When CLI is presented at ringing time, this tone is not sent. In the US, CLI is usually sent between the first two rings. This silence period is long in the US, so the message fits easily. In other places, where the standard ring tone has much smaller silences, a line voltage reversal is used to wake up a power saving receiver, then the message is sent, then the phone begins to ring.
The message is sent using a Bell 202 FSK modem. The data rate is 1200 bits per second. The message protocol uses 8-bit data words (bytes), each bounded by a start bit and a stop bit.
Channel Carrier Message Message Data Checksum Seizure Signal Type Length Word(s) Word Signal Word Word
The channel seizure is 30 continuous bytes of 55h (01010101), including the start and stop bits (i.e. 300 bits of alternations in total). This provides a detectable alternating function to the CPE (i.e. the modem data pump).
The carrier signal consists of 180 bits of 1s. This may be reduced to 80 bits of 1s for caller ID on call waiting.
Various message types are defined. The common ones for the US CLASS standard are:
- Type 0x04 (SDMF) - single data message. Simple caller ID (CND)
- Type 0x80 (MDMF) - multiple data message. A more flexible caller ID, with extra information.
The message length word specifies the total number of data words to follow.
The data words contain the actual message.
The Checksum Word contains the twos complement of the modulo 256 sum of the other words in the data message (i.e., message type, message length, and data words). The receiving equipment may calculate the modulo 256 sum of the received words and add this sum to the received checksum word. A result of zero generally indicates that the message was correctly received. Message retransmission is not supported. The sumcheck word should be followed by a minimum of two stop bits.
The ETSI CLIP specification uses similar messages to the Bellcore specification. They are not, however, identical. First, ETSI use the V.23 modem standard, rather than Bell 202. Second, different fields, and different message types are available.
CLI by DTMF is usually sent in a very simple way. The exchange does not give any prior warning (no reversal, or ring) to wake up the receiver. It just sends one of the following DTMF strings:
- A<phone number>#
- D1# Number not available because the caller has restricted it.
- D2# Number not available because the call is international.
- D3# Number not available due to technical reasons.
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